Review what you have learned up until now. Then try your hand at translating from English to Greek—first into Homeric Greek and then into Koine, noticing the key differences between the two dialects. Close by reading the opening passage of the Gospel of John in its unadapted original Koine.
Delve deeper into the first and second declensions, discovering that the endings for demonstrative adjectives and pronouns differ in only minor ways from those for nouns. Practice using different types of pronouns, and learn that they underwent a fascinating evolution from Homeric Greek to Koine. Greek has several ways of talking about the past. Learn two new tenses: the future and aorist. In the process, encounter the concept of principal parts, which are indispensable for recognizing different tenses.
Concentrate on the first three principal parts for regular verbs present and imperfect, future, and aorist.
Also inspect some irregular verbs. Although first declension nouns are generally feminine, some masculine nouns also fall into this class. Learn how to recognize them as well as the declensions of all nouns from the nominative and genitive forms supplied in Greek dictionaries.
Then investigate some finer points of compound verbs. The aorist is a past tense that makes no reference to the duration or completion of an action, and focuses instead on the simple act. In Lesson 10, you learned the morphology of the first aorist. Now study the second aorist and root aorist. Analyze examples of all three aorist tenses in the New Testament and Homer. Encounter the third and final declension, focusing, as usual, on the genitive, which is the key to identifying the declension.
This is especially important with the third declension, since the noun base is not obvious from the nominative form. Then make your final preparations to read Homer's Iliad in unadapted Greek. Then investigate the quality that makes Homer a great poet: his use of sound and meter. Homer composed in dactylic hexameter, which was used throughout antiquity. Learn the rules that govern this epic meter. Practice reciting the first five lines of the Iliad, hearing how the meter enhances the meaning of the text.
Then study third declension neuter endings, and read three verses of unadapted New Testament Greek, covering the conversation between the angel Gabriel and Mary in Luke Go deeper into Homer with lines of the Iliad. Then discover the middle and passive voices.
The passive operates as in English, with the subject receiving the action of the verb. Then read lines of the Iliad, learning new rules for scanning dactylic hexameter. Learn the fourth principal part, which governs the formation of the perfect and pluperfect tenses. Discover the great utility of these past tenses for talking about completed action.
Study an example of the perfect in John , and read lines of the Iliad. Then learn how to construct the infinitive in different tenses, looking at examples in Homer and the New Testament. Participles are verbal adjectives. Like verbs, they have tense and voice. Like adjectives, they agree in case, number, and gender with the nouns they modify.
Learn to form participles in different tenses of the active voice. Study examples in the Gospel of Matthew and in your reading of lines of the Iliad.
Greek participles pack a lot of meaning into a single word that may require an entire clause to translate into English. Look at examples from two different verses in Matthew as well as your Homeric reading for this lesson: lines of the Iliad. Study examples in Matthew and Luke. Turn from the indicative mood to the subjunctive mood, which denotes situations that are doubtful, wishful, purposeful, or fearful. Subjunctives are easily recognized by their long vowel that precedes or constitutes the verb ending.
Explore several examples, including one from Luke's Nativity narrative, and read line 38 of the Iliad. Encounter the imperative mood—the verb construction used for commands. Study the imperative endings in the present and aorist tenses.
Find three aorist commands in Luke , and even more as you continue your reading of the Iliad with lines Note that in Homeric Greek the imperative and other verb endings tend to be uncontracted. Then continue your reading of the Iliad with lines Delve deeper into the aorist passive, which was introduced in Lesson Then work your way through lines of the Iliad.
In the next four lessons, return to the declension of adjectives and pronouns to explore variations on patterns you have already practiced. In this lesson, focus on third-declension adjectives. Close by reading lines of the Iliad. Also learn about a handy class of words called particles. Investigate the use of Greek demonstrative adjectives and pronouns, which correspond to English words such as this, that, these, and those.
Chart a rich sampling of demonstratives, including a reflexive pronoun, in Luke Then continue with the heightening tension in lines of the Iliad. Plumb the depths of Greek personal and possessive pronouns. Then focus on the pronouns in your next extract from the Iliad, lines Along the way, discover a classic figure of speech called chiasmus.
Conclude your exploration of Greek pronouns with interrogative, indefinite, and relative pronouns. These are words such as who, which, and what; and, for indefinite pronouns, someone, something, and similar unspecific descriptors. Look at examples in the New Testament and in the Iliad Study its forms, discovering that, as unpredictable as it appears, it is more regular than its English counterparts: I am, you are, he is.
Then learn to count in Greek, and analyze lines of the Iliad. Learn two more irregular verbs, to go and to know, seeing them at work in sentences from John and Matthew. Then complete your last passage from the Iliad, lines , and consider strategies for continuing your Greek studies—whether you want to dig deeper into Homer and the New Testament, or discover new masterpieces.
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Review by Gualtiero. Written 6 years ago. A godsend for the self-study of ancient Greek. Most Helpful Critical Review. Review by Steve X. Written 4 years ago. Content Scaling. Readable Font. Highlight Titles. Highlight Links. Text Magnifier. Adjust Font Sizing. Align Center. Adjust Line Height. Align Left. Adjust Letter Spacing.
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Mute Sounds. Hide Images. Read Mode. Reading Guide. Useful Links. Stop Animations. Reading Mask. Written 5 years ago. Great content, examples riddled with errors. Most Helpful Critical Review. Review by RAS5. Excellent concept but falls short in many details. Was this helpful? Post Comment. Straight forward and to the point. I am extremely pleased with the guidebook and the DVD. Recommends this product. Just what I needed.
Even though the course was technical the information was given in a easy to understand manner. Very Good actually. I just started lesson one and got hooked.
Strongly recomment. Very thorough coverage. Intentional typos? Questions Ask a question. It seems that after purchase there is ZERO interest in helping students resolve issues. Answer this Question. I apologize for the delay in answering. There are no such requirements.
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