With permission, from H. Bungay and others, Biotechnol. Diffusional limitations may be external that is, between fluid and support surface in adsorption and covalent binding , intraparticle i. If the external mass transfer is limiting, an increase in liquid-phase turbulence should result in an increase in the reaction rate. In case of intraparticle mass-transfer limitations, a reduction in particle size or an in- crease in the porous void fraction of the support material should result in an increase in the rate of the bioreaction.
In Chapter 3 we discussed in reasonable detail a mathematical model of the interac- tion of diffusion and reaction for surface immobilized or entrapped biocatalysts. These models apply directly to immobilized cells when the kinetics of bioconversion are de- scribed by a Michaelis—Menten type of kinetic expression. Thus, the reader may wish to consult Chapter 3 again. Another interesting case is to consider biofilms where we allow cell growth. Models for immobilized enzymes have no terms for biocatalyst replication, so this case presents a new problem.
The thickness of a biofilm or the size of microbial floc increases with time during the growth phase. A microbial floc is an aggregation of many cells, and in some processes these aggregates can be more than 1 mm in diameter. However, since the rate of increase in biofilm thickness is much slower than the rate of substrate uptake, the system can be assumed to be at quasi-steady state for relatively short periods.
The simplest case is to assume that the system is at quasi-steady state and all the cells inside the biofilm are in the same physiological state. Many thanks. Just select your click then download button, and complete an offer to start downloading the ebook.
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